Tâi-oân Bin-kan Chong-kàu tiong ê Thoân-soat (8)Permalink

文獻資訊Permalink

項目 資料
作者 無lo̍h名
卷期 台灣教會公報
卷期 第981號
日期 1966/5
頁數 6

白話字(原文數位化)Permalink

Tâi-oân Bin-kan Chong-kàu tiong ê Thoân-soat (8)

Niû Kú-têng

1966.05.01 P.6-7

Sîn-bêng koaⁿ-tiûⁿ ê chō͘-chit.

Tû liáu 18 si í-goā, koh ū siat nn̄g ê phoàⁿ-koaⁿ; nn̄g ê phoàⁿ-koaⁿ sī hun-choè bûn kap bú, koh ū 4 iâ, chiū-sī Gû-iâ, Bé-iâ, Kê-iâ(枷爺), Só-âi(鎖爺), iā ū jī chiong-kun, chiū-sī Chiā Pit-an(謝必安), in-uī I pâi ti tē chhit ê, só͘-í sio̍k-chheng Chhit-iâ; Hoān bû-kiū(范無咎), in-uī I pâi tī tē poeh--ê, só͘-í sio̍k-chheng Poeh-iâ, án-ni jī phoàⁿ-koaⁿ kap si-iâ kap jī chiong-kun ha̍p choè-hoé chheng-choè poeh-iâ.

Í-goā 36 pō͘-chiòng sī Kí Sian-ko͘(紀仙姑), Liân-Sèng-chiá(連聖者), Ngó͘ Liông-koaⁿ(五龍官), Só Tāi-chiòng(鎖大將), kim Sià-jîn(金舍人), Tó-tô Tāi-chiòng(倒淘大將). Lí Sian-ko͘(李仙姑), Má Liông-koaⁿ(馬龍官), Lâu Sèng-chiá(劉聖者), Kâ Tāi-chiòng,(枷大將), Tông Sià-jîn(唐舍人), Î-san Tāi-chiòng(移山大將), Tiō Goân-soè(趙元帥), Un Goân-soè(殷元帥), Ga̍k Goân-soè(岳元帥), Ông Sun Goân-soè(王孫元帥), Sin Goân-soè(辛元帥), Pit tāi-chiong(必大將), Khng Goân-soè(康元帥), Un Goân-soè(溫元帥), Chiù-chuí Chin-jîn(咒水真人), Teng Goân-soè(鄧元帥), Lí Goân-soè(李元帥), Ko Goân-soè(高元帥), Khoàn Sian-ko͘,(勸仙姑), Tiuⁿ Séng-chiá(張醒者), Ná Tāi-chiòng(拿大將), Kang Sian-ko͘(江仙姑), Hó͘ Ka-lô(虎加羅), Si̍t-kuí Tāi-chiòng(食鬼大將), Hô Sian-ko͘(何仙姑), Siau Sèng-chiá(蕭聖者), Chhiok Tāi-chiòng(捉大將), Hông Hoà-koaⁿ(紅化官), Má Ka-lô(馬加羅), Thun-cheng Tāi-chiòng(吞精大將), kiōng 36 ê pō͘-chiòng.

án-ni, hiān-chāi Tâi-pak ê Hâ-hái Sêng-hông-biō nih tû liáu chú-sîn Hâ-hái Sêng-hông kap Sêng-hông hu-jîn, í-goā Chiông-sîn(從神), ū kiàm-tông(劍童), ìn-tông(印童), bûn-bú phoàⁿ-koaⁿ, gû, bé, kim(金), san(山), Chiā, Hoān téng chiong-kun, koh ū ín-tông tông-chú(引童童子), Hok-tek chèng-sîn chiū-sī Thó͘-tī-kong, koh ū Hek-hó͘ Chiong-kun(黑虎將軍), sī-lú(侍女). Chiah ê í-goā, iáu ū phoè-sîn(配神)ê 36 pō͘-chiòng téng.

Lán khoàⁿ í-siōng só͘ kóng Hâ-hái Sêng-hông-biō tiong chit-iūⁿ koaⁿ-tiûⁿ phài-thâu pō͘-sio̍k téng, oán-jiân chhin-chhiūⁿ Chheng-tiâu sî-tāi iông-kan koaⁿ-tiûⁿ ê phài-thâu sio-siāng, che chiàⁿ sī Chheng-tiâu sî-tāi ū koá bat tī koaⁿ-tiûⁿ chhut-ji̍p ê lâng, ēng hiān-si̍t tiong ê sū-lē(事例)choè nâ-pún(藍本)só͘ phian chhut-lâi ê “gí-jîn-hoà”(擬人化)ê ngó͘-siōng chông-pài hong-sek.

Tī chia sūn-soà kóng, tī Hâ-hái Sêng-hông-biō ê phoè-sîn(配神)tiong iā ū ho̍k-sāi chi̍t ê Gī-ióng Kong(義勇公), thiaⁿ kóng chit ê Gī-ióng Kong chiū-sī kì-liām tī Hâm-hong(咸豐)3 nî, tī Báng-kah toē-hng ū hoat-seng toā oan-ke saⁿ-thâi(頂下郊拚)ê sî, uī-tio̍h beh pó-hō͘ sîn-siōng tu̍t-phoà pau-uî ê sî, sûn-lān lâi sí ê lâng só͘ hong-li̍p ê. Koh chit keng Hâ-hái Sêng-hông-biō sī tī Hân-hong(咸豐)9 nî 3 ge̍h 1 ji̍t khí ê, koh tī thoân-soat tiong kóng Hâ-hái Sêng-hông-biō tiong hit nn̄g sin Chāi-Chiong-kun kap Hoān Chiong-kun, ū lâng bat khoàⁿ tio̍h in tī poàⁿ-mî nih the̍h só͘-liān tiàm koe-lō͘ nih teh sûn-lô, in-uī án-ni kóng hit toē-hng lóng bô chha̍t-á. Í-siōng sī uī beh chèng-bêng gí-jîn-hoà ê ngó͘-siōng ê thoân-soat kò͘-sū. Tuì chit ê thang chai Tâi-oân bîn-kan chong-kàu ê iù-tī su-siúⁿ.

KUÍ Ê BÊ-SÌN Ê SIÓ HONG-SIO̍K

1) Hòng-iâⁿ. Tī Tâi-oân kok toē ê biō-ú nā choè pu̍t siⁿ-ji̍t á-sī choè chiò ê sî, chiū tī biō ê hù-kūn, he̍k-sī chhiū-kha, he̍k-sī lō͘-piⁿ, he̍k-sī kiô-thâu ê só͘-chāi chiong nn̄g ki á-sī saⁿ ki sió tek-á, chi̍t koe̍h chhāi tī thô͘-lāi, lâu chhioh goā tn̂g thóng khí-lâi tī thô͘-bīn, koh ēng âng-pò͘-á pa̍k tī thó͘ khí-lâi tī thô͘-bīn ê tek-á nih, lán ún-tàng bat khoàⁿ tio̍h chit hō mi̍h, che kiò-choè “Hòng-iâⁿ”(放營). Chāi tī Tāi-lio̍k nih sī kiò-choè “Sîn-iâⁿ”(神營), á sī “kuí-tiùⁿ”(鬼帳)

Chiàu thoân-soat sī kóng, só͘ ū ê sîn-bêng lóng ū I ê pō͘-sio̍k(部屬), á-sī sîn-chiòng(臣將), te̍k-pia̍t jú ū sîn-thong kóng-toā(神通廣大)ê chiū i ê pō͘-sio̍k, á-sī sîn-chiòng ê tiong-kan iā ū chin-choē sîn-thong kóng-tāi ê kuí-sîn. Chiah ê pō͘-sio̍k, á-sī sîn-chiòng chi̍t-ē choē, chiū tī biō-lāi toà bô kàu, lēng-goā tio̍h hòng-iâⁿ tī hit keng biō ê hù-kūn. Só͘-í nā choè pu̍t siⁿ-ji̍t, á-sī choè chiò ê sî, “in” (chiū-sī hit toē hng chham-ka choè pu̍t siⁿ-ji̍t, pài ngó͘-siōng ê lâng), chiū tio̍h siāng-sî kú-hêng khò chiòng(稿將), siúⁿ-peng(賞兵), che chiàⁿ chhin-chhiūⁿ kó͘-tāi tī sio-thâi tek-sèng tńg-lâi ê sî tio̍h ài pān iân-sia̍h lâi khò-siúⁿ sam kun(稿賞三軍)chi̍t-iūⁿ.

Koh kóng chit khoán hòng-iâⁿ, sī kap lán tiong-kok kó͘-tāi sam kun teh chat-iâⁿ ê hong-sek sio-siāng, chiū-sī ū hun choè tang, sai, lâm, pak, tiong 5 iâⁿ. Só͘-í nā hoat-hiān tio̍h tī chi̍t só͘-chāi ū chhah chit hō hòng-iâⁿ ê tek-á, chiū tī hit hù-kūn ū biō, á sī sio-siāng chit hō hòng-iâⁿ ê só͘-chāi. Koh kóng chiah ê hòng-iâⁿ ê sîn-chiòng nā ū sîn-thong kóng-tāi, iā oē hō͘-siong cheng-chhú tē uī. Chóng kóng chit hō hòng-iân ê só͘-chāi, sui-jiân bô biō, chóng-sī kap biō tâng-iūⁿ ū kuí-sîn tī hit ê só͘-chāi teh khiā-khí, bo̍k-koài hiah ê pài ngó͘-siōng ê lâng, put-sî teh kiaⁿ thó-tio̍h, soah-tio̍h, iā kiaⁿ hoān-tio̍h bô chú ke-sîn, thian-lô hu-jîn, sim-lāi put-an, kiaⁿ-hiâⁿ, koh tī phoàⁿ-piⁿ mn̄g pu̍t ê sî, siông-siông kóng sī hoān-tio̍h tó chi̍t hng, chiū-sī lóng hoān-tio̍h chiah ê. Lia̍t-uī, lán beh cháiⁿ-iūⁿ lâi pang-chān chiah ê lâng lâi hō͘ Chú Iâ-so͘ chín-kiù?

2) Khèng-chàn tiong-goân(慶讚中元). Khèng-chàn tiong-goân ê thó͘-miâ kiò-choè phó͘-tō͘, chiàu Hu̍t-kàu ê giân-sû sī kóng “Û-lân phûn-hoē(盂蘭盆會), tī chit kuí nî lâi, in-uī ū lán hiân-bêng ê chèng-hú ê khai-tō, chit khoán pho͘-tiuⁿ lōng-huì ê phó͘-tō͘ í-keng chiām-chiām khah chió khì lah. Chit ê phó͘-tō͘ chiàu lē sī tī muí nî ê tiong-goân, tiong-goân sī “sià-choē toē-koan Chheng-hú tāi-tè(赦罪地官清府大帝)kàm-chhat jîn-kan choē-ok ê ji̍t (chiū-sī kū-le̍k 7 ge̍h 15 ji̍t), tī kok toā sī-biō nih kú-hêng. Pān-lí hū-chek chit ê chè-sū ê lâng chheng choè “lô͘-chú”(爐主), lô͘-chú sī tuì tong-toē toā jī siⁿ ê ta̍k nî lûn-liû, chit ê lûn-liû ê hong-sek sī tī hit keng biō ê ngó͘-siōng bīn-chêng poa̍h-poe lâi tit-tio̍h ê, koh choè lô͘-chú ê lâng chū-jīn kóng sī êng-kng. Lô͘-chú nā í-keng koat-tēng, chiū tuì kū-le̍k ê chiaⁿ-ge̍h khai-sí hiòng hit toē-hng ê lâng tê-iân, hit ê hong-hoat ū ê sī ēng “teng”(丁)choè tan-uī, “teng” ê ì-sù chiū-sī ta-po͘ teng.

āu-lâi kàu 6 ge̍h 30 ji̍t, chiū tio̍h tī biō-chêng chhāi chi̍t ki 3,4 tn̄g koân ê teng-ko(燈篙), téng-bīn tiàu chi̍t kha îⁿ ê teng-láng(燈籠), siá tio̍h “khèng-chàn tiong-goân” 4 jī, chit ki teng-ko sī uī-tio̍h beh chio-chi̍p kuí-hûn lâi ê lō͘-ēng. Chiàu thoân-soat sī sìn kóng kū-le̍k ê 6 ge̍h 30 ji̍t sī “khui tē-ge̍k mn̂g” (開地獄門), só͘-í chiah khiā-khí teng-ko lâi chio-chi̍p chiah ê kuí-sîn lâi. In-uī án-ni, kóng teng-ko nā khiā jú koân khoàⁿ ná hn̄g, chū-chi̍p lâi ê kuí-hûn iā ná choē. Teng-ko nā khiā hó chiū hō͘ hê-siūⁿ khì liām-keng, chhiáⁿ toē-chông ông khui kuí-mn̂g-koan, thang pàng hiah-ê ko͘-hûn, iau-kuí chhut-lâi, án-ni, tuì hit ji̍t khí, chi̍t nî chi̍t pái ê phó͘-tō͘ chiū chèng-sek khai-sí lah.

La̍k-ge̍h 30 ji̍t ê hông-hun, ke-ke hō͘-hō͘ chiū khai-sí chiap-thāi tuì tē-ge̍k tiong só͘ pàng chhut-lâi ê kuí-hûn, ke-ke hō͘-hō͘ tio̍h tī nî-chîⁿ ē nih, tiàu chi̍t ê îⁿ ê choá-teng, chi̍t-bīn siá tio̍h “Im-kong phó͘-chiò”(陰光普照), chi̍t-bīn siá lō͘-teng, lēng-goā ū choē-choē soè-jī ê siá kóng “tē-chú bó͘-bó͘ kèng tiám”. Chit ê teng sī beh kā hiah ê kuí-hûn chhoā-lō͘ ê, chit ê teng ê hé, tuì 6 ge̍h 30 ji̍t khí kàu 7 ge̍h bé uî chí, tio̍h ta̍k mî kè-sio̍k tiám, muí chi̍t ê ka-têng chiū-sī tī 6 ge̍h 30 ji̍t ē-po͘ kap 7 ge̍h chhoe it ē-po͘, 7 ge̍h 15 ji̍t ē-po͘ kap 7 ge̍h bé ji̍t ē-po͘, tī chit 4 ê ē-po͘ pī-pān hî, bah, koe ah kap âng-ku-koé téng lâi hàu-kèng hiah ê kuí-hûn, pèng chheng hiah-ê kuí-hûn choè hó hiaⁿ-tī ah. Kî-thaⁿ ê ji̍t-chí sī chiàu chi̍t ji̍t kuí tiàu koe, á-sī kuí ê lí khai-sí liân-ha̍p phó͘-tō͘. chiah ê iā sī tuì kok ka-têng hū-chek kuí oáⁿ, oáⁿ-poâⁿ sī ēng bīn-tháng, ē-bīn té chho͘-khng, téng-bīn chiah pâi mi̍h-kiāⁿ, sī pâi tàu hó, tàu suí, oē ēng-tit kóng sī si̍t-bu̍t ê tián-lám.

Chiàu khoàⁿ, in ná chhin-chhiūⁿ chin hoaⁿ-hí chiau-thāi chiah ê kuí-hûn ê khoán, kî-si̍t m̄-sī, in chí-ū sī poàⁿ hí, poàⁿ kiaⁿ teh choè, chi̍t-bīn sī uī-tio̍h beh ta̍t-chiâⁿ phó͘-chè ko͘-hûn ê siān-goān(普濟孤魂的善願), chóng-sī bô lâng goān-ì ín-kuí ji̍p the̍h lâi ke-thiⁿ ka-kī ê mâ-hoân-só͘-í chi̍t hong-bīn teh chiap-thāi, chi̍t hong-bīn sī teh siūⁿ hong-hoat “pī siâ”(避邪). Hit ê pī siâ ê hong-hoat sī tī biō-tiâⁿ hē chi̍t ê bí-táu, lāi-bīn té pe̍h-bí, téng-bīn khǹg chi̍t ê kó͘ tâng-kiàⁿ, chi̍t ki kó͘ kiàm, chi̍t ê soè ê phêng(秤), koh chi̍t ki liâng-soàⁿ(涼傘), koh ū a-to kap chhioh, koh chi̍t choáⁿ iû-teng; muí chi̍t ê bí-táu sī tāi-piáu chi̍t lí(里), á-sī chi̍t ê siā-thoân(社團), ēng án-ni teh kú-hêng in ê pī siâ. (Thāi-sio̍k)

漢羅(Ùi原文改寫)Permalink

台灣民間宗教中ê傳說(8)

神明官場ê 組織。

除了18 司以外,koh有設兩個判官;兩個判官是分做文 kap 武, koh有4 爺,就是牛爺, 馬爺, 枷爺(枷爺),鎖爺(鎖爺),也有二將軍,就是謝必安(謝必安),因為伊排 ti第七ê,所以俗稱七爺; 范無咎(范無咎),因為伊排tī 第八--ê,所以俗稱八爺, án-ni 二判官kap 司爺 kap 二將軍合做夥稱做八爺。

以外36 部將是紀仙姑(紀仙姑),連聖者(連聖者),五龍官(五龍官),鎖大將(鎖大將),金舍人(金舍人),倒淘大將(倒淘大將)。李仙姑(李仙姑),馬龍官(馬龍官),劉聖者(劉聖者),枷大將,(枷大將),唐舍人(唐舍人),移山大將(移山大將),趙元帥(趙元帥),殷元帥(殷元帥),岳元帥(岳元帥),王孫元帥(王孫元帥),辛元帥(辛元帥),必大將(必大將),康元帥(康元帥),溫元帥(溫元帥),咒水真人(咒水真人),鄧元帥(鄧元帥),李元帥(李元帥),高元帥(高元帥),勸仙姑(勸仙姑),張醒者(張醒者),拿大將(拿大將),江仙姑(江仙姑),虎加羅(虎加羅),食鬼大將(食鬼大將),何仙姑(何仙姑),蕭聖者(蕭聖者),捉大將(捉大將),紅化官(紅化官),馬加羅(馬加羅),吞精大將(吞精大將),共36 個部眾。

án-ni,現在台北ê 霞海城隍廟裡除了主神霞海城隍 kap 城隍夫人,以外從神(從神),有劍童(劍童),印童(印童),文武判官,牛,馬, 金(金),山(山),謝, 范等將軍,koh有引童童子(引童童子),福德正神就是土地公, koh有黑虎將軍(黑虎將軍),侍女(侍女)。Chiah ê以外,iáu有配神(配神)ê 36 部眾 等。

咱看以上所講霞海城隍廟中這樣官場派頭部屬等,宛然親像清朝時代陽間 官場ê派頭相像,這正是清朝時代有寡 bat tī 官場出入ê人,用現實中ê事例(事例)做藍本(藍本)所編出來ê “擬人化”(擬人化)ê偶像崇拜方式。

Tī chia順soà講:tī 霞海城隍廟ê 配神(配神)中也有服祀一個義勇公(義勇公),聽講這個義勇公就是紀念tī咸豐(咸豐)3年,tī 艋舺地方有發生大冤家相-thâi(頂下郊拚)ê時,為著 beh保護神像突破包圍ê時,殉難來死ê人所封立ê。 Koh 這間霞海城隍廟是tī 咸豐(咸豐)9年3月1日起 ê, koh tī傳說中講霞海城隍廟中hit兩身謝將軍kap 范將軍,有人bat看著in tī半暝nih the̍h鎖鍊tiàm街路nih teh 巡邏,因為án-ni講hit地方攏無賊仔。以上是為beh證明擬人化ê偶像ê傳說故事。對這個thang知台灣民間宗教ê 幼稚思想。

幾個迷信ê小風俗

1) 放營. Tī台灣各地 ê廟宇若做佛生日抑是做醮ê時,就tī廟ê 附近,或是樹腳,或是路邊,或是橋頭ê所在將兩枝 抑是三枝小竹仔,一koe̍h chhāi tī土內,留尺goā長thóng起來tī土-面,koh用紅布仔縛tī thó͘起來tī土面ê 竹仔 nih,咱穩當bat看著這號物,這叫做”放營”(放營)。在tī大陸nih是叫做「神營」(神營),抑是「鬼帳」(鬼帳)

照傳說是講:所有ê神明攏有伊ê部屬(部屬),抑是臣將(臣將),特別jú有神通廣大(神通廣大)ê就伊ê 部屬,抑是臣將 ê中間也有真濟神通廣大 ê鬼神。Chiah ê 部屬,抑是臣將一下濟,就tī廟內toà無夠,另外tio̍h 放營 tī hit 間廟ê 附近。所以若做佛生日,抑是做醮ê時,”in” (就是hit 地方參加做佛生日,拜偶像ê人),就tio̍h siāng-時舉行犒將(犒將),賞兵(賞兵),這正親像古代 tī sio-thâi得勝tńg來ê時tio̍h ài辦筵席來犒賞三軍(犒賞三軍)一樣。

Koh講這款放營,是kap咱中國古代三軍teh紮營ê方式相像,就是有分做東西南北,中5營。所以若發現著tī一所在有插這號放營ê 竹仔,就tī hit 附近有廟,抑是相像這號放營ê所在。Koh講chiah ê 放營ê臣將若有神通廣大,也會互相爭取地位。總講這號放營ê所在,雖然無廟,總是kap廟同樣有鬼神tī hit個所在teh khiā起,莫怪hiah ê拜偶像ê人,不時teh 驚討著, 煞著,也驚犯著無主家神,天羅夫人,心內不安,驚惶,koh tī 破病問佛 ê時,常常講是犯著 tó 一項,就是攏犯著chiah ê。列位,咱beh怎樣來幫贊chiah ê人來hō͘主耶穌拯救?

2) 慶讚中元(慶讚中元)。慶讚中元ê土名叫做普渡,照佛教ê言詞是講盂蘭盆會(盂蘭盆會),tī 這幾年來,因為有咱賢明 ê政府ê 開導, 這款鋪張浪費ê 普渡已經漸漸khah少去lah。 這個普渡照例是tī每年ê中元,中元是「赦罪地官清府大帝(赦罪地官清府大帝)鑑察人間罪惡ê日(就是舊曆 7月15日),tī 各大寺廟nih舉行。辨理負責這個祭祀ê人稱做”爐主”(爐主),爐主是對當地大字生ê 逐年輪流, 這個輪流 ê方式是tī hit 間廟ê偶像面前poa̍h-杯來得著 ê, koh做爐主 ê人自認講是榮光。爐主若已經決定,就對舊曆ê正月開始向hit地方ê人tê-iân, hit個方法有ê是用”丁”(丁)做單位, “丁” ê意思就是ta-po͘ 丁。

後來到6月30日,就tio̍h tī廟前chhāi一支3,4 丈koân ê 燈篙(燈篙),頂面吊一kha圓 ê 燈籠(燈籠),寫著 “慶讚中原” 4字, 這支燈篙是為著beh招集鬼魂來ê路用。照傳說是信講舊曆ê 6月30日是「開地獄門」(開地獄門),所以chiah khiā起燈篙來招集chiah ê鬼神來。因為án-ni,講燈篙若khiā jú koân看ná遠,聚集來ê 鬼魂也ná濟。燈篙若khiā好就hō͘ 和尚去念經,請地藏王開鬼門關, thang放hiah ê 孤魂, 野鬼出來,án-ni, 對hit日起,一年一擺ê普渡就正式開始lah。

六月30日ê黃昏,家家戶戶就開始接待對地獄中所放出來ê 鬼魂, 家家戶戶tio̍h tī年錢ē nih, 吊一個圓ê紙燈,一面寫著 「陰光普照」(陰光普照),一面寫路燈,另外有最濟細膩ê寫講「地主某某敬點」。這個燈是beh kā hiah ê 鬼魂chhoā路ê, 這個燈ê火, 對6月30日起到7月尾為止, tio̍h 逐暝繼續點,每一個家庭就是tī 6月30日下晡kap 7月初一下晡,7月15日下晡kap 7月尾日下晡,tī 這4 ê下晡備辦魚,肉,雞鴨 kap 紅龜粿等來孝敬hiah ê 鬼魂, 並稱hiah ê 鬼魂做好兄弟仔。其他ê日子是照一日幾條街, 抑是幾個里開始聯合普渡。 Chiah ê也是對各家庭負責幾碗,碗盤是用面桶,下面té 粗糠,頂面chiah 排物件,是排tàu好,tàu suí,會用得講是植物ê展覽。

照看, in ná親像真歡喜招待chiah ê 鬼魂 ê款,其實m̄是,in只有是半喜,半驚teh做,一面是為著beh 達成普濟孤魂ê善願(普濟孤魂的善願),總是無人願意引鬼入宅來加添家己ê麻煩,所以一方面teh接待,一方面是teh想方法 “避邪”(避邪)。Hit個 避邪 ê方法是tī廟埕hē一個米斗,內面 té白米,頂面khǹg一個古銅鏡,一支古劍,一個細 ê 秤(秤),koh一支涼傘(涼傘),koh有鉸刀 kap 尺, koh一盞油燈;每一個米斗是代表一里(里),抑是一個社團(社團),用án-ni teh舉行in ê 避邪。 (待續)