新約書序說

Sin-iok-su Sū-soat

文獻資訊

項目	資料
作者	梁秀德 Niû Siù-tek
卷期	台灣教會公報
卷期	第575卷
日期	1933/2
頁數	12

白話字（原文數位化）

Sin-iok-su Sū-soat

(Niû Siù-tek)

1. 02, no. 575, pp. 12-14

Tē 3 chiuⁿ: Sin-iok-su ê phian-sêng.

Tī tē 2 chiuⁿ, goá í-keng ū kóng-khí Sin-iok-su ê khí-goân, sī tuì si̍t-chè-tek lâi siⁿ-chhut ê bûn-su; iū-koh kia̍h pit lâi siá ê lâng, iā-sī chin chē lâng. Chiàu chit ê 27 koàn ê bûn-su lâi khoàⁿ, chóng-sǹg hiah ê tù-chiá mā bô kuí ê nā-tiāⁿ. Chóng-sī sū-si̍t-siōng, tng-sî ê bûn-su m̄-nā hiah ê, iā siá ê lâng m̄-nā hit kuí lâng, í-goā iáu ū chē-chē. Nā-sī án-ni, siáⁿ-sū kā i san-tû--khì, bô sǹg chò Sin-iok-su? Hit ê in-toaⁿ, hit ê keng-koè ê le̍k-sú, kap hit ê chiâⁿ-chò kin-á-ji̍t ê Sin-iok-su ê kheng-hiòng, kap tiōng-sī ê lí-iû, che chiū-sī tī chit chiuⁿ lán só͘ ài lâi kóng--ê.

Hiān-hêng ê Sin-iok-su, tuì keng-tián chit bīn lâi kóng, sī kiò-chò Canon(chiàⁿ-tián). Chit ê ì-sù sī chún-chîn. Chit kù ê goân-ì sī khí-thâu ēng chò ba̍k-kang ê chîn-soàⁿ, á-sī phiau-chún hit khoán ê iōng-gú. Chóng-sī āu-lâi ū ēng tuì kok-gú, bí-su̍t, chong-kàu chit bīn lâi. Sin-iok-su hō͘ lâng kiò-chò Canon, sī teh piáu-bêng chit 27 koàn ê bûn-su, sī chò sìn-gióng ê phiau-chún, hêng-uî ê chún-chîn. Chóng-sī tī tng-sî só͘ siá ê, ū ê bô ha̍p tī chò sìn-gióng ê phiau-chún ê, lóng kā I lēng-goā khioh chò tui, hit ê kiò-chò goā-tián(apocrypha). Lūn goā-tián ê tāi-chì, ǹg-bāng tī āu-lâi chiah lâi kóng, chit-sî ti̍t-ti̍t ài lâi kóng-khí chiàⁿ-tián phian-sêng ê sū.

Sin-iok-su hit 27 koàn, goân-lâi sī bûn-su nā-tiāⁿ, ū bûn-ha̍k-tek ê sèng-chit tī-teh, sī kap pêng-siông ê chheh bô koh-iūⁿ. Chóng-sī ē chiâⁿ-chò sîn-sèng put-khó chhim-hoān ê chiàⁿ-tián, sī tī Chú-āu kuí-nā pah nî ê tāi-chì, m̄-sī siá ê sî chiū chò chiàⁿ-tián. Tuì chit hāng hō͘ goá gián-kiù Sin-iok-su ê tiong-kan, ná chai Siōng-chú ū ēng le̍k-sú lâi piáu-hiān I ê chí-ì, iā ná sìn Sèng-chheh ê kè-ta̍t toā kàu cháiⁿ-iūⁿ; goān tāi-ke tha̍k Sèng-chheh bô ià-siān, che sī goá siá chit ê Sin-iok-su Sū-soat só͘ phāu ê hi-bōng.

Lūn cháiⁿ-iūⁿ ē siūⁿ beh phian-sêng Sin-iok-su ê tāi-chì, tī chit ê ū chē chē ê tōng-ki kap goân-in tī-teh; goá chit sî m̄-bián kóng siuⁿ chē, kan-ta kóng-khí kuí-hāng khah iàu-kín ê chiū kàu-gia̍h.

1. Tī chho͘-tāi ê sìn-tô͘, lóng bô lia̍h sím-mi̍h bûn-su chò ū koân-uī; liân tī tuì í-chêng chiū chò keng-tián, só͘ lia̍h-chò Sîn-sèng ê Kū-iok-su, in to kā-i phoe-phêng. In só͘ lia̍h-chò ū koân-uī ê, chiū-sī “Chú”, chiū-sī Iâ-so͘ Ki-tok ê jîn-keh kap i ê kàu-hùn ; tī ta̍k hāng ê sū-kiāⁿ, lóng sī ēng Chú ê oē lâi kái-koat. In-uī nā kóng-tio̍h sī Chú ê oē, lóng bô lâng piān-pok, á-sī tiû-tû. Só͘-í Pó-lô tú-tio̍h kàu-hoē ê lân-tê ê sî, suî-sî ēng Chú ê oē lâi kóng. Tī I Thiap 4:15 kóng, “In-uī goán hōng Chú ê bēng-lēng, ēng chit ê kā lín kóng ;”I Lîm 7:10 kóng, “Goá bēng-lēng í-keng kè-chhoā ê, kî-si̍t m̄-sī goá, sī Chú bēng-lēng.” Tī-chia sui-jiân kóng in tuì-tiōng Chú ê oē, m̄-sī ū lēng-goā sím-mi̍h bûn-su kì Chú ê oē lâi hō͘ in thang chun-tiōng, hoán-tńg sī lóng ēng chhiù thoân ê nā-tiāⁿ. Chhin-chhiūⁿ Hēng-toān 20 : 35 kóng. “Hō͘ lâng ê, pí tuì lâng the̍h ê, khah ū hok-khì.” Chit kù tī ta̍k-uī ê bûn-su lóng bô ; só͘-í thang chai sī chhuì thoân--ê.

Sî-tāi teh keng-koè, kan-ta chhuì thoân--ê, teh-beh bē ēng-tit ; in-uī kàu ta̍k só͘-chāi Iû-thài kàu ê lâng lóng beh chò in ê tuì-te̍k. iū-koh ta̍k-pái nā kap in piān-pok ê sî, Iû-thài kàu ê lâng, lóng beh ēng Kū-iok-su lâi kóng-khí. Chit-sî in sui-jiân lia̍h Chú ê oē chò iàu-kín, m̄-kú sī bô bûn-su ê kin-kù. Ki-tok kàu sui-jiân sī kap Iû-thài kàu ū bi̍t-chhiat ê koan-hē ; chóng-sī chi̍t ê lēng-goā ê chong-kàu. Kū-iok-su sui-jiân sī in the̍h lâi teh ēng ; chóng-sī khêng-chin sī Iû-thài kàu ê chiàⁿ keng-tián. Tuì án-ni, in chiū siūⁿ Iû-thài kàu kì-jiân ū chi̍t pún choa̍t-tuì koân-ui ê phiau-chún ê Kū-iok-su, chiū Ki-tok kàu tek-khak m̄-thang bô. Só͘-í chiū siⁿ-chhut ài tuì só͘ ū ê Ki-tok kàu ê bûn-su tiong lâi phian-sêng chi̍t pún chiàⁿ-tián. Che sī sè-bīn só͘ tiāⁿ-tio̍h ê goân-in.

1. Chho͘-tāi ê sìn-tô͘, nā beh chhiau-chhoē sím-mi̍h kà-sī, lóng tio̍h tuì Kū-iok lâi the̍h; liân tī sìn-gióng-siōng ê sū, ū-sî iā-sī tuì Kū-iok-su lâi ha̍k-si̍p; m̄-kú siāng tī chit-sî, in ū lia̍h Chú ê oē chò chin ū kè-ta̍t. Chhin-chhiūⁿ tī tē-it hāng só͘ kóng, koan-hē kàu-hoē ê lân-tê, siông-siông sī ēng Chú ê bēng-lēng chò kin-pún. Tuì án-ni, chiū chū-jiân ài chhoē hit hō bûn-su lâi chò in ê lō͘-ēng. Tī-chia ài chù-ì chi̍t hāng, chiū-sī in chun-tiōng Chú, hit ê liām-thâu m̄-nā sī chí Iâ-so͘ Ki-tok nā-tiāⁿ, ū liân I ê ha̍k-seng iā-sī pêⁿ-pêⁿ chun-tiōng. In tuì-tiōng Chú ê bēng-lēng, iā-sī pêⁿ-pêⁿ tuì-tiōng Sù-tô͘ ê oē. Sī ná chhin-chhiūⁿ Má-thài 10 : 40 kóng, “Chiap-la̍p lín ê, chiū-sī chiap-la̍p goá.” Lô-má ê Kek-liû-bián (Clement) kóng, Pí-tek kap Pó-lô sī tuì thiⁿ kàng-lo̍h. Chho͘-tāi ê kàu-bū I-ngá-tiû (Ignatius) kóng, Chú kap Sù-tô͘ ê bēng-lēng lín tio̍h thàn. Che lóng sī chèng-bêng in lia̍h Sù-tô͘ kap Chú pêⁿ-pêⁿ iàu-kín. Tuì án-ni chiū m̄-nā ài chhoē Chú ê oē lâi chò in ê phiau-chún nā-tiāⁿ, chiū Sù-tô͘ ê oē, in iā lia̍h chò sī kim-kho ge̍k-tiâu ê kà-sī, iû-goân ài chi̍p hit hō bûn-su lâi chò in ê keng-tián. Tē-it hāng sī tuì goā-kài ê chhì-kek lâi siⁿ-chhut ê goân-in ; chit hāng sī tuì lāi-sim ê liām-thâu lâi hoàn-khí ê lí-iû. Chóng-sī m̄-sī chi̍p chò-hoé, chiū-sī keng-tián, he iáu ū chē-chē sî-kan ê keng-koè.

2. Tng-sî Iû-thài kâng tī an-hioh-ji̍t ê chi̍p-hoē, khah-siông sī tha̍k lu̍t-lē ê chheh, á-sī Sian-ti ê chheh. Lán nā khoàⁿ Lō͘-ka 4 : 17, lán chiū chai Iâ-so͘ tī I ê pún-hiuⁿ Ná-sat-le̍k, tng an-hioh-ji̍t ji̍p hoē-tn̂g kà-sī ê sî, sī tha̍k Sian-ti Í-sài-a ê chheh. In-uī in lia̍h lu̍t-lē kap Sian-ti ê chheh sī chin iàu-kín. Kàu Pó-lô siá phoe hō͘ i só͘ siat ê kàu-hoē ê sî, hit keng chiap-tio̍h phoe ê kàu-hoē, chiū m̄-nā beh tha̍k lu̍t-lē kap Sian-ti ê chheh, iā chin iàu-kín tha̍k Pó-lô só͘ siá ê phoe ; he̍k-sī chí-sī in só͘ tio̍h chò ê, he̍k-sī kái-koat in só͘ oh--tit ê būn-tê, che in lóng khoàⁿ-chò iàu-kín. Só͘-í in teh lé-pài ê sî, ū tha̍k Kū-iok ê lu̍t-lē kap Sian-ti ê chheh, chiū siāng-sî iā-sī chiong chit khoán ê bûn-su tī lé-pài ê sî lâi tha̍k, iā soà chò bián-lē ê lō͘-ēng. Khiok hit-sî tī chi̍t ê kàu-hoē, bô hiah ê lóng-chóng ê bûn-su, iáu-kú ū chih-tio̍h tó-lo̍h chi̍t tiuⁿ, hit ê kàu-hoē chiū chiong hit tiuⁿ lâi tha̍k tī hoē-chiòng ê tiong-kan. Tī Pó-lô ê phoe, iā bat bēng-lēng kiò kàu-hoē tio̍h tha̍k tī hoē-chiòng ê bīn-chêng (ⅠThiap 5:26 boé ; Ko-lô-se 4:16). Chiàu Iû-tīn (Justin Martyr) ê oē, kóng, Sian-ti ê chheh ū kap Sù-tô͘ ê kì-lio̍k (chiū-sī chí Hok-im-su) pêⁿ-pêⁿ ēng tī hoē-chiòng ê tiong-kan. án-ni thang chai tī tē 2 sè-kí poàⁿ, chit ê Sin-iok-su í-keng hō͘ chē-chē lâng khoàⁿ chò chin tāng lah ! Chit ê sī phian-sêng ê tē 3 goân-in.

3. Ki-tok-kàu tú-chiah hoat-gê ê sî, m̄-nā ū Iû-thài kàu ê lâng chò in ê tuì-te̍k ; iáu ū chin-chē ê īⁿ-toan kàu, he̍k-sī ēng oē, he̍k-sī ēng chheh lâi kap in piān-pok. Nā tha̍k Ki-tok kàu ê chho͘-tāi-sú chiū oē hoat-kiàn--tio̍h. Sui-jiân hiah ê chē-chē ê bûn-su, iáu-ku, bē-chiâⁿ chiàⁿ-tiáu, m̄-kú hit-sî ê īⁿ-toan-chiá nā beh kong-kek, siông-siông ín-khí hit tiong-kan ê oē-kù lâi piān-pok. Tuì án-ni, beh ìn-tap ê sìn-tô͘, chū-jiân iā tio̍h ín tī hiah ê bûn-su tiong ê oē lâi piān-bêng. Sui-jiân hō͘ īⁿ-toan-chiá tāi-seng lia̍h-chò iàu-kín ū kin-kù ê chheh lâi piān-pok, iáu-kú chit ê sū sī tú-tú teh chhiok-chìn chiàⁿ-tián phian-sêng ê it-toā goân-in ; che sī tē 4 hāng.

4. Koh chi̍t hāng, chiū-sī tē 2 sè-kí ê thâu-á, chit 27 koàn ê tiong-kan, chē-chē í-keng ū hō͘ ha̍k-chiá hoan-e̍k chò Lia̍p-teng oē kap Sū-lī-a ê giân-gú. Hit ê beh hoan-e̍k ê lâng, chū-jiân tio̍h chū-chi̍p i kā-tī lia̍h chò iàu-kín ê bûn-su lâi hoan-e̍k. Kì-jiân hoan-e̍k liáu, chiū hō͘ Lia̍p-teng kap Sū-lī-a ê lâng, chi̍t bīn bat Ki-tok kàu ê tō-lí, koh chi̍t bīn chai ū chit khoán ê bûn-su tī-teh. Chit ê hoan-e̍k, tú sī teh chhì-kek Sèng-chheh phian-sêng ê sū-gia̍p ; hō͘ sìn-tô͘ chai nā bô koáⁿ-kín tio̍k-chhiú lâi soán-poa̍t kàm-tēng bē ēng--tit lah !

5. Khí-thâu ê kàu-hoē, khiok bô tú-hó ū siat sím-mi̍h ha̍k-hāu ; iáu-kú nā ū kàu-hoē tī-hia, chiū siông-siông ū tī hit só͘-chāi soà si-siat chong-kàu kàu-io̍k. Muí pái siat chong-kàu kàu-io̍k ê sî, chiū ū tuì chiah ê Ki-tok kàu ê bûn-su tiong, kéng kuí pún lâi chò kàu-kho-su. Tuì chit ê in-toaⁿ, chiū ná kú beh ná khoàⁿ só͘ kéng ê bûn-su chò iàu-kín ê chheh. án-ni iā-sī tú-tú teh chhiok-chìn phian-sêng ê kang-tiâⁿ.

6. Kàu-hoē ná siat ná chē, sìn-tô͘ ná kú chiū ná ke-thiⁿ ; chóng-sī kàu-hoē só͘ hoat-seng ê gī-lūn,iā ná kú ná hok-cha̍p. Tuì án-ni, tio̍h ēng tiāⁿ-tio̍h ê kui-kí lâi phoàⁿ-toàn, kái-koat ; nā bô chiū ē hun-loān. Só͘-í it-poaⁿ tī kàu-hoē lāi nā ū kàu-lí ê cheng-lūn, á-sī si-siat kàu-hoē ê kài-kui, á-sī tō-tek hong-bīn ê gī-lūn ê sî, siông-siông ài ín-khí chiah ê bûn-su ê oē, á-sī lia̍h tó chi̍t pún chò phiau-chún lâi kái-koat. Tuì chit ê goân-in, chiū chū-jiân tio̍h phian-sêng Sin-iok-su. Che sī tē 7 hāng ê goân-in.

(Chit chiuⁿ iáu boē oân, āu-hō beh koh chiap).

漢羅（Ùi原文改寫）

新約書序說

(梁秀德)

1. 02, no. 575, pp. 12-14

第3章：新約書ê編成。

佇第2章，我已經有講起新約書ê起源，是對實際tek來生出ê文書；又koh舉筆來寫ê人，也是真濟人。照這个27卷ê文書來看，總算遐个著者嘛無幾個若定。總是事實上，當時ê文書毋若遐个，也寫ê人毋若彼幾人，以外猶有濟濟。若是按呢，啥事kā伊刪除--去，無算做新約書？彼个因端、彼个經過ê歷史，kap 彼个成做今á日ê新約書ê傾向，kap重視ê理由，這就是佇這章咱所ài來講--ê。

現行ê新約書，對經典這面來講：是叫做Canon（正典）。這个意思是準繩。這句ê原意是起頭用做木工ê繩線，á是標準彼款ê用語。總是後來有用對國語、美術、宗教這面來。新約書予人叫做Canon，是teh表明這27卷ê文書，是做信仰ê標準、行為ê準繩。總是佇當時所寫ê，有ê無合佇做信仰ê標準ê，攏kā伊另外拾做堆，彼个叫做外典（apocrypha）。論外典ê代誌，ǹg望佇後來chiah來講：這時直直ài來講起正典編成ê事。

新約書彼27卷，原來是文書若定，有文學tek ê性質佇teh，是kap平常ê冊無各樣。總是會成做神聖不可侵犯ê正典，是佇主後幾若百年ê代誌，毋是寫ê時就做正典。對這項予我研究新約書ê中間，ná知上主有用歷史來表現伊ê旨意，也ná信聖冊ê價值大到怎樣；願大家讀聖冊無厭倦，這是我寫這个新約書序說所抱ê希望。

論怎樣會想欲編成新約書ê代誌，佇這个有濟濟ê動機kap原因佇teh；我這時毋免講siuⁿ濟，干但講起幾項khah要緊ê就夠額。

1. 佇初代ê信徒，攏無掠啥物文書做有權位；連佇對以前就做經典，所掠做神聖ê舊約書，in to kā伊批評。In所掠做有權位ê，就是「主」，就是耶穌基督ê人格kap伊ê教訓；佇逐項ê事件，攏是用主ê話來解決。因為若講著是主ê話，攏無人辯駁，á是躊躇。所以保羅拄著教會ê難題ê時，隨時用主ê話來講。佇Ⅰ帖4:15講：「因為阮奉主ê命令，用這个kā恁講」；I林7:10講：「我命令已經嫁娶ê，其實毋是我，是主命令。」佇遮雖然講in對重主ê話，毋是有另外啥物文書記主ê話來予in thang尊重，反轉是攏用喙傳ê若定。親像行傳20:35講。「予人ê，比對人提ê，khah有福氣。」這句佇逐位ê文書攏無；所以thang知是喙傳--ê。

時代teh經過，干但喙傳--ê，teh欲袂用得；因為到逐所在猶太教ê人攏欲做in ê對敵。又koh逐擺若kap in辯駁ê時，猶太到ê人，攏欲用舊約書來講起。這時in雖然掠主ê話做要緊，毋過是無文書ê根據。基督教雖然是kap猶太到有密切ê關係；總是一个另外ê宗教。舊約書雖然是in提來teh用；總是窮真是猶太到ê正經典。對按呢，in就想猶太到既然有一本絕對權威ê標準ê舊約書，就基督到的確毋thang無。所以就生出ài對所有ê基督教ê文書中來編成一本正典。這是勢面所定著ê原因。

1. 初代ê信徒，若欲chhiau找啥物教示，攏著對舊約來提；連佇信仰上ê事，有時也是對舊約書來學習；毋過siāng佇這時，in有掠主ê話做真有價值。親像佇第一項所講：關係教會ê難題，常常是用主ê命令做根本。對按呢，就自然ài chhōe彼號文書來做in ê路用。佇遮ài注意一項，就是in尊重主，彼个念頭毋若是指耶穌基督若定，有連伊ê學生也是平平尊重。In對重主ê命令，也是平平對重使徒ê話。是ná親像馬太10:40講：「接納恁ê，就是接納我。」羅馬ê Kek-liû-bián (Clement)講：彼得kap保羅是對天降落。初代ê教務I-ngá-tiû (Ignatius)講：主kap使徒ê命令恁著趁。這攏是證明in掠使徒kap主平平要緊。對按呢就毋若ài找主ê話來做in ê標準若定，就使徒ê話，in也掠做是金科玉條ê教示，猶原ài集彼號文書來做in ê經典。第一項是對外界ê刺激來生出ê原因；這項是對內心ê念頭來喚起ê理由。總是毋是集作伙，就是經典，he猶有濟濟時間ê經過。

2. 當時猶太kâng佇安歇日ê集會，khah常是讀律例ê冊，á是先知ê冊。咱若看路加4:17，咱就知耶穌佇伊ê本鄉拿撒力，tng安歇日入會堂教示ê時，是讀先知以賽亞ê冊。因為in掠律例kap先知ê冊是真要緊。到保羅寫批予伊所設ê教會ê時，彼間接著批ê教會，就毋若beh讀律例kap先知ê冊，也真要緊讀保羅所寫ê批；或是指示in所著做ê，或是解決in所oh--得ê問題，這in攏看做要緊。所以in teh禮拜ê時，有讀舊約ê律例kap先知ê冊，就siāng時也是將這款ê文書佇禮拜ê時來讀，也續做勉勵ê路用。卻彼時佇一个教會，無遐个攏總ê文書，猶久有chih著叼落一張，彼个教會就將彼張來讀佇會眾ê中間。佇保羅ê批，也捌命令叫教會著讀佇會眾ê面前（Ⅰ帖5 : 26尾；哥羅西4 : 16）。照Iû-tīn（Justin Martyr）ê話，講：先知ê冊有kap使徒ê記錄（就是指福音書）平平用佇會眾ê中間。按呢thang知佇第2世紀半，這个新約書已經予濟濟人看做真重lah！這个是編成ê第3原因。

3. 基督教拄chiah發芽ê時，毋若有猶太教ê人做in ê對敵 ；猶有真濟ê異端教，或是用話、或是用冊來kap in辯駁。若讀基督到ê初代史就會發見--著。雖然遐个濟濟ê文書，猶久袂成正典，毋過彼時ê異端者若欲攻擊，常常引起彼中間ê話句來辯駁。對按呢，欲應答ê信徒，自然也著引佇遐个文書中ê話來辯明。雖然予異端者事先掠做要緊有根據ê冊來辯駁，猶久這个事是拄拄teh促進正典編成ê一大原因；這是第4項。

4. Koh一項，就是第2世紀ê頭á，這27卷ê中間，濟濟已經有予學者翻譯做拉丁話kap敘利亞ê言語。彼个欲翻譯ê人，自然著聚集伊家治掠做要緊ê文書來翻譯。既然翻譯了，就予拉丁kap敘利亞ê人，一面識基督教ê道理，koh一面知有這款ê文書佇teh。這个翻譯，拄是teh刺激聖冊編成ê事業；予信徒知若無趕緊著手來選拔鑑定袂用--得lah！

5. 起頭ê教會，卻無拄好有設啥物學校；猶久若有教會佇遐，就常常有佇彼所在續施設宗教教育。每擺設宗教教育ê時，就有對遮个基督教ê文書中，揀幾本來做教科書。對這个因端，就ná久欲ná看所揀ê文書做要緊ê冊。按呢也是拄拄teh促進編成ê工程。

6. 教會ná設ná濟，信徒ná久就ná加添；總是教會所發生ê議論，也ná久ná複雜。對按呢，著用定著ê規矩來判斷、解決；若無就會紛亂。所以一般佇教會內若有夠理ê爭論，á是施設教會ê戒規，á是道德方面ê議論ê時，常常ài引起遮个文書ê話，á是掠叼一本做標準來解決。對這个原因，就自然著編成新約書。這是第7項ê原因。

（這章猶未完，後號欲koh接）。